By the end of this lesson, I can…
- Identify form and meaning across B2 topics.
- Use the result to choose what to revise next.
Put it into practice
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Simple explanation
In the final exam, answer one structural or meaning question from each of 20 core lessons. After all answers are submitted, see your result, explanations and source-lesson links. Mastery requires 80%; this reviews the grammar path and is not an official language certificate.
Final review preparation
| Pattern or function | Target-language model |
|---|---|
| Narrative Tenses in English | I was walking home when I saw the accident. |
| Future Perfect: Form, Meaning, and Use | By Friday, I will have finished the report. |
| Future Perfect Continuous in English | By next June, I will have been working here for five years. |
| Third Conditional: Talking About an Unreal Past | If I had set an alarm, I wouldn't have overslept. |
| Mixed Conditionals: Connecting Past and Present | If I had gone to bed earlier, I wouldn't be so tired now. |
| Wish and If Only in Different Time Frames | I wish I had more time to exercise during the week. |
| Past Modals: modal + have + past participle | Sara isn't here yet. She might have missed the bus. |
| The Passive in Different Tenses and Structures | English is spoken in many countries. |
| Causative Have and Get in English | I had my phone repaired yesterday. |
| Meaning Changes with Gerunds and Infinitives | I stopped checking work emails after dinner. |
| Advanced Reported Speech: Tense, Pronoun and Reporting Verb Changes | Maya said that she was working from home that day. |
| Participle Clauses in English: Forms, Meaning, and Use | Walking through the city centre, we found a small café. |
| Reduced Relative Clauses in English | The woman waiting outside is our new manager. |
| Inversion after negative adverbials in English | Never have I seen the city so quiet. |
| Cleft Sentences for Emphasis in English | It was Julia who suggested the new approach. |
| Ellipsis and Substitution: Avoiding Repetition in English | I can speak French, but my brother can't. |
| Advanced determiners: all, both, either, neither, each and every | All the shops were closed by the time we arrived. |
| Complex Comparisons and Double Comparatives in English | The weather is getting colder and colder. |
| Hedging in English: How to Express Opinions Carefully | This approach might work better for smaller teams. |
| Logical Linking and Argument Organization with Discourse Markers | The apartment is quite small. However, it has everything we need. |
Grammar formula
Main event sequence
Subject + past simpleAnna opened the door and stepped inside.
A counterfactual past condition
If + subject + had + past participle, subject + would have + past participleIf I had known, I would have called you.
Deductions about the past
subject + must + have + past participleShe must have forgotten the meeting.
Ending an activity or stopping for a purpose
subject + stop + gerundShe stopped complaining.
Active reduction with -ing
noun + who/which/that + active verb → noun + verb-ingThe people who work here → The people working here
Recoverable verb-phrase ellipsis
subject + auxiliary/modal + ØI can swim, but my brother can't.
Possibility with modals
subject + may/might/could + base verbThe new system might reduce costs.
Core rules
- 1
How the final review works
Answer without tables. Submitted answers are final for this attempt; you may navigate between questions. Submit every answer before finishing. Passing does not automatically mark other lessons read or mastered.
Useful examples
I was walking home when I saw the accident.
If I had set an alarm, I wouldn't have overslept.
Sara isn't here yet. She might have missed the bus.
I stopped checking work emails after dinner.
The woman waiting outside is our new manager.
I can speak French, but my brother can't.
This approach might work better for smaller teams.
Common mistakes
- ❌ Yesterday Anna opening the door and walked in. ✅ Yesterday Anna opened the door and walked in.
- ❌ If Anna having checked the timetable, she would have caught the train. ✅ If Anna had checked the timetable, she would have caught the train.
- ❌ The road is wet. It must has rained last night. ✅ The road is wet. It must have rained last night.
- ❌ Anna stopped smoke because it was harming her health. ✅ Anna stopped smoking because it was harming her health.
- ❌ The people wait outside are here for the interview. ✅ The people waiting outside are here for the interview.
- ❌ Anna can swim, but I can't to. ✅ Anna can swim, but I can't.
- ❌ This change might reduces costs. ✅ This change might reduce costs.
Learning tips
- On the other hand introduces another side to consider; on the contrary normally rejects a previous claim or assumption. They are not freely interchangeable. Nevertheless concedes a preceding point while maintaining the following claim. Identify the relationship before choosing a marker.
- More formal markers do not automatically improve a text. But and so may sound more natural in conversation than nevertheless and consequently. If the logical connection is unclear, revise the argument order and pronoun references rather than merely replacing a marker.
Use it in your own text
Write six new sentences about your life, experiences or views. Use the rules and table and check why each form fits. The models are illustrations; you need not force every form into one text. This is self-assessment; the test score is recorded separately.
- Narrative Tenses in English
- Future Perfect: Form, Meaning, and Use
- Future Perfect Continuous in English
- Third Conditional: Talking About an Unreal Past
- Mixed Conditionals: Connecting Past and Present
- Wish and If Only in Different Time Frames
Show the model
I was walking home when I saw the accident. By Friday, I will have finished the report. By next June, I will have been working here for five years. If I had set an alarm, I wouldn't have overslept. If I had gone to bed earlier, I wouldn't be so tired now. I wish I had more time to exercise during the week.
Check your own work
- My intended meaning fits the chosen construction.
- I checked subject, verb form, case/preposition and word order.
- I adapted the models to my own context and considered the exceptions.
Related grammar
Frequently asked questions
Does this test award an official B2 certificate?
In the final exam, answer one structural or meaning question from each of 20 core lessons. After all answers are submitted, see your result, explanations and source-lesson links. Mastery requires 80%; this reviews the grammar path and is not an official language certificate.
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